Ceapadh Focal

Cibé scrúduigheas na focla nua
atá dhá gceapadh gach uile lá ins na
teangachaibh Eorpacha, is léir dó go
ndearnadh an chuid ba mhó díobh as
fréamh-fhocaliabh Gréagacha, agus gur minic
baineadh úsáid as na fréamh-fhoclaibh
céadna.

Uime sin, má's féidir linn aon-
tughadh i dtaobh coda bige dá gcóimh-
fhréamhachaibh* Gaedhealacha, ní bhéidh
mórán deacrachta ann na focla
nua theastuigheas uainn do cheapadh.
Mar chonnacamar san gCLAIDHEAMH
SOLUIS le déidheannaighe, tá tos-
nughadh maith ar an ndeagh-obair seo
déanta ag Conall Ceárnach, ag
Seaghán Ó Maoláin, agus ag Seosamh Ó
Cléirigh cheana. Tá snas maith Gaedh-
ealach ar na foclaibh atá ceaptha aca,
agus is so-thuigseana so-litrighthe iad
freisin.

Ag cromadh dúinn ar an obair seo,
badh cheart dúinn cuimhniughadh ar an
nGearmáinis óir tá a lán nua-fhocal
san teangain sin do rinneadh as
fréamh-fhoclaibh Almánacha† ar fad,
m.sh. Fernrohr, ciandracán; Warme-
messer, fromh-theas nó teas-tomhas.

Ag seo beart eile nua-fhocal: —

1. Fréamh-fhocal, “-dracán” = “scope”
(to view).

Biothdracán, bioscope, (life).

Cliabhdracán, nó Uchtdracán, stethoscope (breast).

Scórndracán, laryngoscope, (larynx).

Teanndracán, stereoscope
(firm).

2. Fr., “-dracacht” = “-scopy.”
Teanndracacht, stereoscopy.

3. Fr., “-grafán” = “-graph“ (noun)
(to write).

Cianghrafán, telegraph, (far
off).

Grianghrafán, photograph,
(light).

Gluasghrafán, cinematograph
(to move).

4. Fr. “-grafuighim” = “-graph”
(verb).

Grianghrafuighim, I photograph.

5. Fr., “-sgéal” = “-gram”
(that which is written).

Cian-sgéal, telegram.

Fras-aer-sgéal, nó Aer-sgéal, Marconigram or
message sent by wireless tele-
graphy.

[Do réir na n-ealadhantóir, 'sé
an fras-aer bheireas an sgéal
i gcianghrafacht gan shreang-
áin.]

Cian-ghuth-sgéal, telephonic mes-
sage.

6. (a) Fr. “-grafacht” = “-graphy,”
m.sh. cianghrafacht, telegraphy.
“-grafadóir” = “-grapher,” m.sh.
cianghrafadóir, telegrapher.

(b) “-eolas” = do., m.sh. tlacht-
eolas, geography.

“-eolaidhe” = do., m.sh. tlacht-
eolaidhe, geographer.

* Cóimh-fhréamh, equivalent root.
† Almánach, Germanic.

(c) “-sgéal” = do., m.sh. beath-sgéal,
biography.

“-sgéalaidhe” = do., m.sh. beath-
sgéalaidhe, biographer.

7. Fr., “-eolas” = “ology”
(discourse).

Anam-eolas, psychology,
(soul).

Beithidh-eolas, zoology
(animal).

Corp-eolas, physiology
(nature).

Focal-eolas, philology.

Míoltóg-eolas, entomology
(insect).

Slig-eolas, conchology
(shell).

Treabh-eolas, ethnology
(nation).

8. Fr., “-tomhas” = “-meter”
(measure).

Gas-tomhas, gasmeter.

Rothar-tomhas, cyclometer
(circle).

Teas-tomhas, thermometer
(heat).

Ag tagairt do'n gceiset seo, is í
mo thuairim go gcuirtear an-chuid
oibre ar an bhfocal so “ealadha.”
Cuireann cuid dár sgríbhneoiríbh
“science” uirthi, agus “scientific” ar
“ealadhntach”; cuireann an chuid
eile díobh “art” agus “artistic” ortha.

Acht ní hionann “science” agus “art”;
“I ‘science’ scimus ut sciamus; i
n-‘art,’ scimus ut producamus. Uime
sin, is féidir lorgaireachta na fírinne
do ghlaodhach ar ‘science’ agus ‘art’;
acht fiosruigheann an ‘science’ ar
son an fheasa, fiosruigheann an ‘art’
ar son ‘an toradh.’” Féach foclóir
Uebster, s.v. Science.

Is dóigh liom-sa gur ceart “ealadha”
do chur ar science, agus “cleas” ar art
(cf. Kunst i nGear.); m.sh. “Ealadha
na Labhartha” = “The Science of Lan-
guage”; “Cleas na Tairngtheoir-
eachta” = “The Art of Drawing.”
D'fheilfeadh ceárd do “art,” acht
“technical” a cuirtear i gcomhnaidhe
ar ceárdamhail, agus ní hionann “tech-
nical” agus “artistic” i n-aon chor!

Tadhg Ó Nualláin