EASY LESSONS IN IRISH.

EXERCISE CII. - (Continued).

590. Many endearing expressions are
used in Irish - a chuisle mo chroidhe!
a ghrádh geal mo chroidhe, leanbh mo chroidhe,
a rúin, a múirnin, gile mo chroidhe, a chuid,
a thaisge, a chara, a chara mo chroidhe, &c.

591. SAYINGS:- Go bhfóiridh
Dia orm, ort, &c., Solus Dé chugainn

EXERCISE CIII.

593. The pariciple an, very, and ró,
too, unite with adjectives forming
compound words.
an-fhuar
ró-fhuar

594. Ní'lid ag dul amach indiu, ata an
aimsir ró-fhuar, acht beidhid ag dul amach i
mbárach. An bhfaca tú an cat? Chonnaic,
bhí sé 'na chodladh amuigh ar an bhfeur. Atá
an lá an-fhada. An raibh aithne agat ar an
bhfear sin? Ní raibh, acht bhí aithne mhaith
agam ar a athair agus ar a mháthair. Béidh
meas mór ar an mbuachaill ó sin fós.
Bhí me an-óg an t-am úd, bhí mé in mo
pháisde bheag, agus ní raibh ciall agam.

595.
Earrach, spring
Samhradh, summer

597. When is this verb is used? When-
ever in the English sentence the verb "to
be" is followed by (A) a proper name; or
(B) a common noun, with the definite article
the; or (C) a common noun, with the pos-
sessives, my, thy, his, her, our, your, their.
As A. Is tú Cormac, you are Cormac; B.
Is tú an rí, you are the king; C. Is tú mo
mháthair, you are my mother.

598.
Is mé
Is tú
Is é
Is í
Is sinn
Is sibh
Is iad

601. Is mise do mhac, agus is tusa
m'athair. Is sinne Diarmuid agus Cormac.
An bhfaca tú Eudhmonn indiu? Ní fhaca mé
Eudhmonn, acht chonnaic mé Art. Is sibh-se
Art O'Conaill agus Domhnall O'Ceallaigh.
Is sinn, agus atámuid ag dul
a bhaile anois. An bhfuil deifir mhór oraibh?
Atá, fuar ar n-athair bás indé. Cad bhí
air? Tinneas mór. Is tus ar dtír.

602. Whenever this, that, those mean
this person, that person, those persons, they
are translated by sé so, sí so, siad so; se
sin, sí sin, siad sin. With is the forms
é so, é sin, í so, í sin, iad so, iad sin are
used.

603. Is é so an rí. Cá bhfuil sé ag dul
anois? Ní'l a fhios agam. Is iad sin
Diarmuid agus a mhac óg - an bhfuil aithne
atat orra? Is í so Brighid, atá sí bocht
anois agus ní'l meas uirri. Thug an fear
úd fiche punt dom indé — fuair se an t-air-
gead ar an gcapall óg ar an aonach. An
raibh tú riamh i nDún-na-nGall? Is é so ar
dteach. Is í so ar long. Is é sin ar mbád,
amuigh ar an loch. Is é so an samhradh -
bidheann an aimsir te anois. Ní bhidheann
an geimhreadh ro-fhuar ins an tír so.

EXERCISE CV.

604. When an interrogative or negative
particle is placed before is, the is disappears
Thus, is tú = you are. But if we wish to
translate the quest "are you?" we do
not say an is tú? but an tú.

An mé?
An tú?
An é?
An í?
An sinn?
An sibh?
An iad?

605. So with the negative particle ní.

Ní mé
Ní tú
Ní hé
Ní h-í
Ní sinn
Ní sibh
Ní h-iad

606. Notice after ní before é, í, and iad
that a h is introduced to prevent hiatus or
difficulty of pronunciation.

607. So,
Cia mé?
Cia tú?
Cia hé?
Cia hí?
Cia sinn?
Cia sibh?
Cia h-iad?

608. For cia tú? who are you? we
generally say cia tú féin, who is yourself?
Cia h-e fein? who is he?

609. An tusa Brian Ó'Domhnaill? Ní
mé, is mise Cormac MacDomhnaill, is é so
Brian. An í sin Brighid? Ní hí;
is í sin Nóra, agus is í so Brighid. Agus
cia tú féin? Is mise Domhnall O'Conaill.
An iad so an rí agus an flaith óg? Is
iad; agus ata siad ag dul a bhaile anois.
Ní h-é so an teach, is é so an áit. An tusa
fear an tighe? Is mé, ceud fáilte rómhat.

611. Is é Cormac an rí.
Is í Nóra an bhean.

613. Is é Domhnall m'athair. Ní h-í
Nóra mo mháthair. Is iad Nóra agus Art
atá ins an mbád.

614. An é an seanduine d'athair?
An í an bhean so an bhean saidhbhir?
Is iad na páisdí mo bhrón.

615. Ní h-é m'athair an rí. Ní h-í mo
mháthair an bhainrioghain.