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Some Irish Law Documents. II.
Title
Some Irish Law Documents. II.
Author(s)
Ó Callanáin, Eoin,
Compiler/Editor
Mac Néill, Eoin
Composition Date
1897
Publisher
Connradh na Gaedhilge
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Set Dates
1600
1926
SOME IRISH LAW DOCUMENTS I. 1. Is é adhbhar an sgríbhinn se, d'á fhoillsiughadh mar do réidhtighedh an t-imreasán do bhí idir sliocht Shéamuis na bhFiadh Uí Chinnéididh ó Bhaile Locha Capaill. 2. Agus ag so an sliocht sain .i. Tadhg Maol mac Mhathghamhna mhic Dhuinn-Chuan mhic Shéamuis na bhFiadh, agus Pilip mac Dhuinn- Chuan mhic Shéamuis na bhFiadh agus a dhias mhac .i. Aodh agus Diarmaid. Ag sin do'n taoibh sin iad ar son a chéile. 3. Agus ag so an drong eile do bhí i n-imreasán riu (= leó) do'n taoibh eile .i. clann Bhriain mhic Conchobhair mhic Eoghain mhic Shéamuis na bhFiadh, mar atá Seaghán agus Conbhobhar agus Domhnall agus Einrí, do bhí do láthair an réidhtigh sin; agus do chuadar féin i gcoraidheachd ar an gcuid nach raibhe (raibh) do láthair d'á mbráithreacha. 4. Agus ag so an t-imreasán do éirigh eatorra .i. clann Bhriain mhic Conchobhair ar n-iarraidh ranna fearainn ar shliocht Duinn-Chuan mhic Shéamuis na bhFiadh i mBaile Locha Capaill; agus an sliocht sain Duinn-Chuan d'á rádh nach tiubhradaois roinn dóibh, agus gurbh' fhada ó do rinneadar a n-aithreacha roinn, agus gur bhioth-roinn do rinneadar re chéile fá'n am sain. 5. Do shéanadar clann Bhriain mhic Con- chobhair sin, agus adubhradar go raibhe a n-athair rómpa agus iad féin ina dhiaidh ag iarraidh ranna fearainn i mBaile Locha Capaill, agus go háirithe go raibhe a sean- athair ina shuidhe ar a chuid féin i mBaile Locha Capaill. 6. Agus de bhrígh go ndubhradar sliochd Duinn-Chuain go ndearnadh bioth-roinn roimhe sin, do moladh orra sin do shuidhiughadh ar chloinn Bhriain mhic Conchobhair. 7. Agus is é so an chéad shuidhiughadh tuga- dar sliocht Duinn-Chuan air sin i bhfiadh- naise na forma .i. a rádh go raibhe an <L 87> tsealbh aca féin trí fichid nó ceathair bliadhan. An dara suidhiughadh .i. udhacht Mhathghamhna mhic Dhuinn-Chuan i bhfiadhnaise fhiadhan agus shagairt na parráisde, go ndear- nadh an bhioth-roinn. An treas suidhiughadh, fiadhnaise Fhionnghuala inghine Mhurchadha Mhic an Ghabhann mhaireas indiu, atá re trí fichid bliadhan i mbaile Locha Capaill. An ceathramhadh suidhiughadh, .i. Filib mac Dhuinn- Chuan mhic Shéamuis na bhFiadh, atá i gcionn a cheithre fichead bliadhan. An cúigeadh suidhiughadh .i. Donnchadh Ó Deirbhreó, do bhí 'n-a sgolóig ionnraic agus 'n-a chléireach mhichil. Agus ní hé sin amháin, acht dar leó féin do bhí gach aon tsuidhiughadh aca. 8. Agus is mar so do chuir Seaghán mac Bhriain i n-aghaidh na bhfiadhan sain. An céad ní dhíobh .i. a rádh go raibhe an tsealbh aca re ceithre fichid bliadhan: agus adubhairt sé nachar dhaoiride é féin sin, 'ó's de shin- sireachd ráinig sí dhóibh. 9. An dara ní, adeir sé re hudhacht Mhathghamhna mhic Dhuinn-Chuan, dá ndearna sé é, mar nach dearna, gur dearmad agus doilgheas a thinnis do bhéaradh air a rádha; agus go raibhe Brian mac Conchobhair a athair féin do láthair udhachta Mhathghamhna, agus go ndubhairt sé ris (leis) gan a rádh go ndearnadh an bhioth-roinn; agus gur fhágaibh Brian féin re hudhachd nach dearnadh an bhioth-roinn riamh, i n-aimsir a bháis. 10. An treas ghné, a rádh go ndearna Filip mac Dhuin-Chuan fínné 'n-a aghaidh: agus adeir sé nach fínné Filip mac Dhuinn- Chuan ag déanamh neith dhó féin agus d'á chloinn, agus má dubhairt sé ní eile, atá a fhios agaibh-se. 11. An ceathramhadh ní adubhradh ris, a rádh go ndearna Fionnghuala inghean Mhur- chadha mhic an Ghabhann fiadhnaise ina aghaidh: adeir sé nach dearna, agus dá ndearnadh, nach daoiride é féin é .i. bheith ag déanamh neith d'á cloinn agus d'á cineál ina diaidh. Agus Donnchadh Ó Deirbhreo, ní chuala sé go ndearna aon ní do ghoillfeadh air, agus dá ndearnadh, dob' urusa leis a chur dhe. 12. Agus ó nach suidhiughadh cóir aon tsuidhiughadh d'á ndubhradh annsin, do shuidhigh sé d'fhiadhnaisibh maithe, dar leis féin, go raibhe Conchobhar mac Eoghain 'na shuidhe ar a chuid ranna féin de Bhaile Locha Capaill .i. sa' Gharbh-Chúlóig; agus ag so na fiadhna atá air sin .i. Mairghréad inghean Donn- chadha Uí Chearbhaill, agus Sadhbh inghean Chúgáin, agus Diarmaid Mac an Ghabhann. 13. Agus tar gach easaonta agus gach im- reasán d'á ndearnadar, do fhanadar ag foirm cheathrair, agus is iad so an ceathrar ar ar fhanadar .i. Ó Cinnéididh Fionn .i. Brian mac Dhomhnaill ó Leacaoin, agus Maolruanadha mac an Chalbhaigh mhic Dhonnchadha mhic Shea- gháinín Uí Chearbhaill ó Chluain Leisg, agus Uilliam mac Dhiarmada mhic Aodha mhic Ruaidhrí Uí Chinnéididh ó'n chéadna, agus Cair- bre mac an Chosnamhaigh mhic Dhomhnaill mhic Giolla-na-Naomh mhic Aodhagáin. 14. Agus do fhéachadar an t-adhbhar eat- orra agus a ndearbhtha ar gach taoibh, mar atá - udhacht Mhathghamhna mhic Dhuinn-Chuan, an chéad chuid de: agus is amhlaidh do bheanadar as, do réir a réasúin féin, dá ndéantaoi bioth-roinn an fhearainn, nach raibhe cuid ag an gcaisleán ná ag an mbádhun de, acht a mbeith ag sinsear sleachta Shéamuis na bhFiadh. 15. Agus idir gach ní d'á ndubhradar an mhuintir sin, agus do réir gach sgeóil agus gach fínné d'á bhfuaradar, tángadar féin le chéile; agus is amhlaidh so thángadar le chéile, ar n-a bheith sgríobhtha ar an mbioth-roinn d'eagla an dearmaid, agus ar an adhbhar gur fearr litir 'ná cuimhne, mar adeirthear “memoria uádit, litera custódit,” .i. mairidh an litir agus imthighidh an chuimhne. 16. Agus ar an adhbhar sain, adubhradh riu roinn chubhaidh chosmhail chombráithramhail do dhéanamh re chéile de nós a sinsear; agus do mholadar, do réir a réasúin féin, nach <L 88> bioth-roinn aon ní d'á ndubhradh nó d'á ndearnadh ar an bhfearann go nuige so, agus is amhlaidh do fhágadar sin .i. an caisleán agus an bádhun beag ag an tsinnsear, agus an bádhun mór fós acht mar so amháin, cion a choda féin ar gach combráthair d'á mbeidh ag íoc sa' mbaile, do chum foirgeanta do chur air; agus an chuid nach cuirfidh foirgneamh ann ar bhreith an tsinnsir do chum a chomhghair féin do dhéanamh dhe; agus do fhágadar leath caorach craoi agus gabhar d'fhuilliughadh ar gach foirgeantaidhe ag an sinnsear; agus an fuilliughadh go hiomlán ag an sinnsear; agus gach combráthair bhias i n-íoc a choda féin do'n bhaile, dá seachnadh sé an baile, do fhágadar a chuid dá gach íoc d'á dtiocfadh do'n bhaile air, acht munab ciontach an sinsear féin ris; agus do fhágadar sé ba saor ag an sinsear, a rogha aige féin, nó leath-bhinne; agus do fhágadar lá oibre sa' ráithe ar gach íocaidhe d'á mbeidh sa' mbádhun i n-éagmais a mhuintire féin ag an sinsear; agus ní eile, gibé de na combráithreachaibh do bhéaradh easurraim nó masladh nó míochata do'n tsinsear nó d'á mhnaoi, a bheith mar adéara dligheadh eatorra; agus tuilleadh eile, gibé de na combráithreachaibh do thogróchadh a chuid ronna féin do thabhairt d'á chombráthair re feadh a shaoghail féin, do fhágadar an fhoirm sin ar a chur féin, agus ní fhuil a chumas aige a chur tar fine amach. 17. Agus is amhlaidh fuaras sa'sgríbheann rómham gurab é an t-ochtmhadh lá de mhí October do sgríobhadh so ar dtús, agus dob' í so aois an Tighearna an uair sin .i. 1584. Mise Cairbre Mach Aodhagáin. Mise Maolruanadha a Cearbhaill. Mise Brian a Cinnéididh. 18. Ag seo fínné Dhinis Uí Árta agus Eoin Uí Challanáin ar udhacht Uilliam mhic Dhiar- mada Uí Chinnéididh i n-aimsir a bháis .i. gur mhol Cairbre Mac Aodhagáin agus Ó Cin- néididh Fionn .i. Brian mac Dhomhnaill Uí Chinnéididh ó Leacaoin agus Maolruanadha mac an Chalbhaigh Uí Chearbhaill caisleán agus bádhun Baile Locha Capaill do shinsear shleachta Shéamuis na bhFiadh, agus go bhfuair sé féin punt do'n éilidheig. Eoin Ó Callanáin. NOTES. 1. Sgríbheann, a writing, a document, here masc., gen. an sgríbhinn. Is also fem., gen. na sgríbhne. D'á fhoillsiughadh : the object of the action implied by a verbal noun may be connected with it in two ways, (1) preceding it with do, as an chúis d' fhoillsiughadh, to manifest the cause, or (2) following it in the genitive, as foillsiughadh na cúise. When the object is a sentence, it must follow, and as a sentence cannot be put in the genitive, the place of the sentence is taken by a (= of it, its) before the verbal noun, d'á fhoillsiughadh mar agus c., "to mainifest it (viz.), how, etc." A similar usage is not unknown to English, e.g., "to make it clear how the dispute was settled." Sliocht, race, descendants. S. na bhf. = James of the Deer. O Cinnéididh, O'Kennedy: note that an epithet comes between the forename and surname. But when the epithet belongs to the family, it follows the sur- name e.g., Brian O Cinnéidididh Fionn. "From," con- neeting the person's name with his place of abode, is ó in Irish ó Bhaile Locha Capaill (English, Ballycapple, parish of Modreeny, Co. Tipperary). 2. Agus would not be translated in English at the beginning of a new paragraph. Donn-Cuan is an obsolete forename. Pilip, better Filip. Dias, two persons, gen. díse, dat. dís (fem.) Beirt is now nearly always used instead. Ar son a chéile, on behalf of each other, i.e., suing in common. 3. Drong f. gen. druinge, dat. druing, "party." Seaghán is written Seaan in the original; the spelling Seaghán marks an intent to identify the imported name, Jean, John, with an old Gaelic name, derived from seagh, art, ingenuity, whence also O Seaghdha, O'Shea. Do bhí do láthair an réidhtigh sin, who were present at that settlement. Coraidheachd, security, bail, from cor, a con- dition, a term. Note the nom. pl. d'á mbráithreacha, for dative. 4. Ar n-iarraidh, having sought. Ranna, gen. of roinn, partition, division. D'á rádh, see note on d'á fhoillsiughadh, par. I. Nach tiubhradaois, that they would not five: nach does not eclipse in Irish of that date, or in contemporary Munster Iirsh, in which the form ná is used before verbs. Bioth-roinn, a permanent division. Re, ris, riu, etc. (for modern le, leis, leo, etc.), when the action proceeds from one thing to the other, but le when accompaniment is meant. This distinction is still strictly observed in Sc. Gaelic. Labhair ris, caith cloch ris, would have been said, but imthigh leis, beir leat é. Fá'n am sain, at that time. 5. Séan, deny. Go háirithe, "especially:" now common in the sense of "at all events," and in many places pronounced go háirit (Gu hau'rit). Ina shuidhe, seated, settled in possession. 6. Mol, "praise," means also "adgudge, award." The word was used in this sense in the Oireachtas pro- ceedings: moltóir, adjudicator. Do moladh orra sin do shuidhiughadh, it was awarded on them to prove that, i.e., they were called upon by the arbitrators to prove that. Ar chloinn agus c. against the children, etc. <L 89> 7. Suidhiughadh, a proof, also suidheamh. Foirm. f., gen. forma, a bench or board (of judges, etc.). A rádh, to assert it, see note on d'á fhoillsiughadh, par. I. Sealbh possession, fem. Gen. seilbhe. The dative form seilbh is now commonly used as nominative, and the genitive is sometimes sealbha. Trí fichid nó ceathair bliadhan, three score or four (score of) years. Udhacht, will or tes- tament. Note that the letters cht, st. are also written chd, sd. I bhfiadhnaise fiadhan, in presence of witnesses. For witness the word fínné is also used. Mac an Ghabhann, anglicised Magowan and Smith. Mhaireas indiu, who still lives. Atá re agus c., who has been for 60 years, etc. Atá i gcionn agus c., who is 80 years old, an idiom still in use. O Deirbhreo: this surname seems to be extinct. Sgológ, a peasant, a husbandman: this word is feminine, gen. -óige, dat. -óig. Ionnraic, honest. Cléireach mhichil is translated "impartial clerk" in the official translation. It seems to mean "a clerk of Michael," whatever that may mean. Dar leó féín = as they belirevd. 8. Chuir i n-aghaidh, opposed. Ní, a thing, often spelled nídh to distinguish from ní, not. Machar dhaoiride é féin sin, that he himself was in none the worse position (by reason of) that; daoiride, second comparative (= daoire de) of daor, meaning "condemned or made liable" in a legal sense. O's de sh, since it is by ancestry or primo- geniture it came to them. Ráinig, perfect of rigim, I reach, is now rarely used. Sinsear, from sean, means an ancestor, but also the first in descent in direct line among the living members of a family, the senior: sinsireachd, ancestry or seniority. 9. Dá ndearna sé é, if he had made it (mar nach dearna, which he had not): the forms dearna, raibhe, deachadih, etc., now only used as perfects, were formerly used after dá, if. Do bhéaradh air a rádha, that would cause him (lit. bring upon him) to say it; the form rádha is found as well as rádh. Gan a rádh, not to say (it.) Gur fhágaibh : fágaim, I leave, is a compound of gabhaim, and is always written fágbhaim by Keating and his con- temporaries, perfect d'fhágaibh; this perfect in the form d'fhága' is still in use locally to some extent. 10. An treas ghné the third point or article; gné taked the place of ní. Fínné, evidence; also a witness. Ag déanamh neith dhó féin, in doing a thing for himself, i.e., serving his own ends: neith genitive of ní or nídh, plural, neithe. 11. Cinéal, race, kin. Do ghoillfeadh air, that would inconvenience him: said of a shoe, etc., an ngoilleann sí ort? Urusa, easy, now furusa, furusda, furuisde, Munster = f'ruisde: compar. usa, fusa, easier. A chur dhe, to put it from him, to refute it. 12. Suidhigh, prove. D'fhiadhnaisibh maithe (by means) of good evidences. Garbh-chúlóg, a place-name; O'Reilly gives cúlóg, turf, peat. Mairghréad, now pronounced Muirréad, Margaret. O Cearbhaill, O'Carroll. Sadhbh Ní Chúgáin = would now be said; O Cúgáin, Coogan, Cogan. 13. Calbhach is still used as a forename. Cluain Leisg, Clonlisk, King's County. Cairbre Mac Aodhagáin was evidently the brehon of O'Kennedy: Maca. = M'Keegan, Keegan, Egan; not to be con- founded with Mac Eochagáin, M 'Geoghegan, Geoghegan. 14. D'fhéachadar, they examined, dearbhtha, pl. of dearbhadh, testimony. An cheád chuid de, in the first place. Bádhun, supposed to be ba- dhún, cow-fort, a walled enclosure. 15. Sgeóil, old genitive for sgéil, Tángadar le céile, they came to a unanimous decision on its being written concerning the permanent division (i.e., that the perm. div. be committed to writing) for fear of its being forgotten. 16. Roinn chubhaidh chosmhail chombráithreamhail, a just, similar, kinsmanlike division. De nós a sinsear, after the custom of their ancestors. Gonuige so, hitherto, heretofore. Acht mar so amháin, but with this condition. Cion a choda féin, etc. <L 90> Cion, ration, proportion; cion duine, a man's share. Combráthair, one living in partnership with his kinsmen. Foirgneamh, a building, pl. foirgeanta Craoi, gen. of cró, a sheepfold. Fuilliughadh or fuilleamh (akin to tuilleadh, addition) increase, interest. Bhias = bheidheas, bheas. Seachain, shun keep away from. Dá gach : do and de often become dá before gach. Leath-bhinne: I do not know the exact meaning, possibly the grazing of half the lands in common with the other kinsmen. Tograim, I agree; see ograim, notes to Fraincín Strae, last month. 18. Dinis O hArta, Denis O'Harty; but Donnchadh is the name usually Englished Denis. Punt do'n éilidheig, a pound for the Brehon's fee; the spelling éilidheig looks doubtful, and I do not find the word in dictioanries; but it was evidently well known even to the English. See finding of Waterford jury, in the introduction to this paper.
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